2019
Том 71
№ 11

# Volume 62, № 3, 2010

Article (Russian)

### Algebraic polynomials least deviating from zero in measure on a segment

Ukr. Mat. Zh. - 2010. - 62, № 3. - pp. 291–300

We investigate the problem of algebraic polynomials with given leading coefficients that deviate least from zero on the segment $[–1, 1]$ with respect to a measure, or, more precisely, with respect to the functional $μ(f) = \text{mes}\left\{x ∈ [–1, 1]: ∣f (x)∣ ≥ 1 \right\}$. We also discuss an analogous problem with respect to the integral functionals $∫_{–1}^1 φ (∣f (x)∣) dx$ for functions $φ$ that are defined, nonnegative, and nondecreasing on the semiaxis $[0, +∞)$.

Article (English)

### Sharp Kolmogorov-type inequalities for norms of fractional derivatives of multivariate functions

Ukr. Mat. Zh. - 2010. - 62, № 3. - pp. 301–314

Let $C(\mathbb{R}^m)$ be the space of bounded and continuous functions $x: \mathbb{R}^m → \mathbb{R}$ equipped with the norm $∥x∥_C = ∥x∥_{C(\mathbb{R}^m)} := \sup \{ |x(t)|:\; t∈ \mathbb{R}^m\}$ and let $e_j,\; j = 1,…,m$, be a standard basis in $\mathbb{R}^m$. Given moduli of continuity $ω_j,\; j = 1,…, m$, denote $$H^{j,ω_j} := \left\{x ∈ C(\mathbb{R}^m): ∥x∥_{ω_j} = ∥x∥_{H^{j,ω_j}} = \sup_{t_j≠0} \frac{∥Δtjejx(⋅)∥_C}{ω_j(|t_j|)} < ∞\right\}.$$ We obtain new sharp Kolmogorov-type inequalities for the norms $∥D^{α}_{ε}x∥_C$ of mixed fractional derivatives of functions $x ∈ ∩^{m}_{j=1}H^{j,ω_j}$. Some applications of these inequalities are presented.

Article (Russian)

### On Hankel determinants of functions given by their expansions in $P$-fractions

Ukr. Mat. Zh. - 2010. - 62, № 3. - pp. 315–326

We obtain explicit formulas that express the Hankel determinants of functions given by their expansions in continued $P$-fractions in terms of the parameters of the fraction. As a corollary, we obtain a lower bound for the capacity of the set of singular points of these functions, an analog of the van Vleck theorem for $P$-fractions with limit-periodic coefficients, another proof of the Gonchar theorem on the Leighton conjecture, and an upper bound for the radius of the disk of meromorphy of a function given by a $С$-fraction.

Article (English)

### On the relation between measures defining the Stieltjes and the inverted Stieltjes functions

Ukr. Mat. Zh. - 2010. - 62, № 3. - pp. 327–331

A compact formula is found for the measure of the inverted Stieltjes function expressed by the measure of the original Stieltjes function.

Article (Russian)

### On one result of J. Bourgain

Ukr. Mat. Zh. - 2010. - 62, № 3. - pp. 332–368

In a linear space of dimension $n$ over the field $\mathbb{F}_2$, we construct a set $A$ of given density such that the Fourier transform of $A$ is large on a large set, and the intersection of $A$ with any subspace of small dimension is small. The results obtained show, in a certain sense, the sharpness of one theorem of J. Bourgain.

Article (English)

### Are the degrees of the best (co)convex and unconstrained polynomial approximations the same? II

Ukr. Mat. Zh. - 2010. - 62, № 3. - pp. 369–386

In Part I of the paper, we have proved that, for every $α > 0$ and a continuous function $f$, which is either convex $(s = 0)$ or changes convexity at a finite collection $Y_s = \{y_i\}^s_i = 1$ of points $y_i ∈ (-1, 1)$, $$\sup \left\{n^{\alpha}E^{(2)}_n(f,Y_s):\;n \geq N^{*}\right\} \leq c(\alpha,s) \sup \left\{n^{\alpha}E_n(f):\; n \geq 1 \right\},$$ where $E_n (f)$ and $E^{(2)}_n (f, Y_s)$ denote, respectively, the degrees of the best unconstrained and (co)convex approximations and $c(α, s)$ is a constant depending only on $α$ and $s$. Moreover, it has been shown that $N^{∗}$ may be chosen to be 1 for $s = 0$ or $s = 1, α ≠ 4$, and that it must depend on $Y_s$ and $α$ for $s = 1, α = 4$ or $s ≥ 2$. In Part II of the paper, we show that a more general inequality $$\sup \left\{n^{\alpha}E^{(2)}_n(f,Y_s):\;n \geq N^{*}\right\} \leq c(\alpha, N, s) \sup \left\{n^{\alpha}E_n(f):\; n \geq N \right\},$$ is valid, where, depending on the triple $(α,N,s)$ the number $N^{∗}$ may depend on $α,N,Y_s$, and $f$ or be independent of these parameters.

Article (Russian)

### Quantitative form of the Luzin $C$-property

Ukr. Mat. Zh. - 2010. - 62, № 3. - pp. 387–395

We prove the following statement, which is a quantitative form of the Luzin theorem on $C$-property: Let $(X, d, μ)$ be a bounded metric space with metric $d$ and regular Borel measure $μ$ that are related to one another by the doubling condition. Then, for any function $f$ measurable on $X$, there exist a positive increasing function $η ∈ Ω\; \left(η(+0) = 0\right.$ and $η(t)t^{−a}$ decreases for a certain $\left. a > 0\right)$, a nonnegative function $g$ measurable on $X$, and $a$ set $E ⊂ X, μE = 0$, for which $$|f(x)−f(y)| ⩽ [g(x)+g(y)]η(d(x,y)),\;x,y ∈ X \setminus E.$$ If $f ∈ L^p(X),\; p >0$, then it is possible to choose $g$ belonging to $L^p (X)$.

Article (English)

### Best approximation by ridge functions in $L_p$-spaces

Ukr. Mat. Zh. - 2010. - 62, № 3. - pp. 396–408

We study the approximation of the classes of functions by the manifold $R_n$ formed by all possible linear combinations of $n$ ridge functions of the form $r(a · x))$. It is proved that, for any $1 ≤ q ≤ p ≤ ∞$, the deviation of the Sobolev class $W^r_p$ from the set $R_n$ of ridge functions in the space $L_q (B^d)$ satisfies the sharp order $n^{-r/(d-1)}$.

Article (Russian)

### One-sided approximation of a step by algebraic polynomials in the mean

Ukr. Mat. Zh. - 2010. - 62, № 3. - pp. 409–422

An asymptotically sharp estimate is obtained for the best one-sided approximation of a step by algebraic polynomials in the space $L_1$.

Article (Russian)

### On relative widths of classes of differentiable functions. II

Ukr. Mat. Zh. - 2010. - 62, № 3. - pp. 423–431

We obtain an upper bound for the least value of the factor $М$ for which the Kolmogorov widths $d_n (W_C^r, C)$ are equal to the relative widths $K_n (W^C_r, MW^C_j, C)$ of the class of functions $W_C^r$ with respect to the class $MW^C_j$, provided that $j > r$. This estimate is also true in the case where the space $L$ is considered instead of $C$.